Heatstroke is a serious heat-related condition marked by a significant rise in body temperature, usually but not always above 40°C or 104°F. It is the most severe stage of heat-related illnesses. Heatstroke commonly occurs during the summer months and can develop when the body overheats due to a combination of factors such as high temperatures, intense physical activity, clothing that limits sweat evaporation, poor adaptation to the heat, excess body fat, or low physical fitness.
There are two types of heat stroke: classic and exertional. Classic heat stroke usually affects older adults with existing medical conditions, while exertional heat stroke occurs in otherwise healthy individuals who perform strenuous exercise in hot or humid conditions. It is often seen in athletes and outdoor workers exposed to high temperatures.
Heat illness can progress rapidly in athletes and outdoor workers, with early signs of heat stroke often being hard to detect. However, early diagnosis and timely treatment can be life-saving, and exertional heat stroke prevention is possible.